Global urbanization and the constant expansion of human habitat emphasize the importance of gardening and landscaping. Vegetation is especially important in asphalt and concrete surroundings. In dry weather conditions, watering is required.

Being in urban zones, landscape irrigation can be a convenient outlet to a certain amount of treated effluents from domestic and industrial sources.

Environment

Irrigated landscaping exists in parks and along roads. In most places the area is open to the public and there is a risk of misuse and vandalism. In parks, heavy use by pedestrians can lead to soil compaction and turf wear out.    

Water Demand

Crop coefficient (Kc) for turf is 0.5-0.8, depending on the variety. Cold climate varieties consume more water than others. Brackish water demand is higher. Other sorts of vegetation need approximately the same water amounts, depending on density and type.

The "yield" of landscape is green leaves and moderate stress can be tolerated.

Moderate stress can help control the vegetation pace and reduce mowing frequency.

Irrigation

Irrigation emitters and other system components should be kept as hidden as possible. Obstacles are not welcome on landscaped areas, especially when they are used for sports. Vandalism is a common risk in urban environments.  Irrigation systems should be as invisible as possible. Sprinklers should be pop-ups or take-apart and valves and filters should be installed in sub-surface cases.

Drip irrigation is essential for all kinds of landscaping. Inserted on-line drippers can be installed near trees or shrubs and integral driplines can be used to irrigate flower beds and hedges.

Many landscapers use colored driplines, in shining colors, as an ornamental component. This is especially convenient in places where the land is bare, without green cover, during the winter.

Embedding the driplines in the soil (SDI) is another way to make the irrigation system invisible. This concept has an additional advantage for turf irrigation since it enables irrigation at any time, even while the turf is in use, or even when the water source is treated effluents.

Fertigation

Fertigation is prohibited in many irrigated landscapes, because the risk of siphoning, leakage or water misuse is too great. In some places fertigation is allowed under strict regulation, including the installation of special valves.